Adenomyosis is a uterine disorder defined by the development of endometrial tissue into the muscular wall of the uterus. This disease can result in a wide range of symptoms, including excessive blood flow during periods, pain, and discomfort. Here are eight facts about adenomyosis that you should be aware of.
1. Adenomyosis is a common condition
Adenomyosis has been estimated to afflict 10-20% of women of reproductive age, while precise prevalence is difficult to calculate due to diversity in diagnostic criteria and techniques. It is more common among women in their 40s and 50s, although it may develop at any age. Other disorders, such as endometriosis and uterine fibroids, can coexist with adenomyosis.
2. The cause of adenomyosis is unknown
While the exact cause of adenomyosis is unidentified researchers have discovered a number of risk factors that may contribute to its occurrence. The most common of them are hormonal imbalances, inflammation, genetics, and prior uterine surgery.
3. Adenomyosis can cause heavy menstrual bleeding
Heavy menstrual flow is a typical symptom of adenomyosis. It is defined as bleeding that lasts more than seven days or requires replacing tampons or pads every two hours or less. Women with adenomyosis can suffer from clotting, anemia, and exhaustion in addition to severe bleeding.
4. Adenomyosis can cause pelvic pain
Adenomyosis-related pelvic pain may occur at any time throughout the menstrual cycle and can range in intensity from moderate to severe. Many women with adenomyosis experience dysmenorrhea (severe pain and cramping during periods). The pain might be localized or broad, with symptoms such as cramping, pressure, or aching. The pain may also be felt in the lower back or thighs.
5. Adenomyosis can make it difficult to conceive
Adenomyosis may affect fertility by modifying the uterine environment or interfering with the implantation of a fertilized egg. Women who have adenomyosis may also be more prone to miscarriage or preterm delivery. However, with proper treatment and management, many women with adenomyosis can conceive and carry a pregnancy to term.
6. Adenomyosis can be diagnosed with an ultrasound
The most common technique for diagnosing adenomyosis is transvaginal ultrasound. This imaging test applies high-frequency sound waves to make pictures of the uterus and can detect adenomyosis-related symptoms such as uterine wall thickening or the development of cysts.
7. Treatment for adenomyosis may involve medication or surgery
Treatment for adenomyosis is determined by the severity of symptoms, a woman’s age and desire for future fertility, and other particular factors. Hormonal drugs, such as birth control pills, IUDs, or GnRH agonists, may help relieve pain and bleeding by inhibiting ovulation and lowering estrogen levels.
Surgery may be advised if the symptoms are severe or if any other treatments have failed. The most successful treatment option for adenomyosis is hysterectomy, however conservative surgical procedures such as endometrial ablation or myomectomy may be considered in women who prefer to maintain their fertility.
8. Adenomyosis may increase the risk of other health problems
Women with adenomyosis may be more likely to develop endometrial or ovarian cancer, especially if there is a family history of these diseases. Adenomyosis may also increase the likelihood of developing uterine fibroids, which are benign growths in the uterus that can lead to pain, bleeding, or infertility. Women with adenomyosis may benefit from regular monitoring and screening to discover these issues early and improve outcomes.
The bottom line
Adenomyosis is a common disease that affects a significant percentage of women. It is characterized by the development of endometrial tissue within the uterine muscle wall and can result in a number of symptoms such as excessive monthly flow, pain, and discomfort. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should consult your doctor. Adenomyosis has numerous treatment options, including medication and surgery, and early identification and therapy can help to reduce the impact of the disease on the quality of your life.
